Personnally, I don't know of anypre built taxonomy algorithms, But it must be possible to build one by using external scripts or by building your own.
Ezpublish should be pretty well fit for the creation of taxonomy algorithms since you can use the native node system to classify your species in a parent/child systems, by creating specifique classes. A good of classified infrmation as a tree is the administration interface content navigation menu:
which can be enhanced by using the ajax version: http://ez.no/tw/developer/contribs/hacks/dynamic_content_stucture_menu_ajax
Although it is probably possible to build one in a more optimised and quick version by using creating more advanced extensions specifically for classifiying and fetching the tree of your species.
Here is a guide on how to create an operator which can be used for exemple to fetch your data: http://ez.no/ezpublish/documentation/development/extensions/template_operator
Or to create a full view, which could include more advanced or external scripts: http://ez.no/ezpublish/documentation/development/extensions/building_an_ez_publish_module
You can either represent "tags" as additional location (a contrib by Damien I think allows to do that easily).
or use the related objects (that's what I usually do). As of the 3.9, the related objects attributes offers check box lists to let you choose one or several tags.
